Pasiv

Kada se koristi:

1. Kada je vršilac radnje nepoznat:

My bicycle was stolen last week. - Moj bicikli je ukraden prošle nedelje.

2. Kada je vršilac radnje nebitan:

This bridge was built 200 years ago. - Ovaj most je sagrađen pre 200 godina.

3. Kada je vršilac radnje očigledan:

He was arrested. - On je bio uhapšen.

Kada želimo da dodamo ko je vršilac radnje:

Koristimo predlog by i ime (by Tom), imenicu (by the artist) ili zamenicu u objekatskom obliku (by him) na kraju rečenice.

Na primer:

This building was designed by a famous architect. - Ovu zgradu je dizajnirao poznati arhitekta.

Iz aktiva u pasiv

Kada prebacujemo aktivnu rečenicu u pasivnu objekat aktivne postaje subjekat pasivne.

Na primer:

Jane Austen wrote this book. → This book was written by Jane Austen.

Glagolsko vreme ostaje isto.
Subjekat aktivne rečenice stavljamo na kraj pasivne, uz predlog by.

Predlog with upotrebljavamo uz instrument ili materijal koji se koristi:

Na primer:

The door was opened with a crowbar.
This sauce was made with red pepper flakes, butter, olive oil, crushed tomatoes and garlic.

Glagoli sa dva objekta

Primer: John offered me (nepravi objekat) money (pravi objekat).

U ovom slučaju aktivnu rečenicu možemo promeniti u pasivnu na dva načina:

1. Nepravi (indirektni) objekat postaje subjekat pasivne rečenice
I was offered money by John.

2. Pravi (direktni) objekat postaje subjekat pasivne rečenice
Money was offered to me by John.



Kad nepravi objekat stoji posle glagola u pasivnoj rečenici, ispred tog objekta ide predlog to.

Na primer:

The letter was sent to Liz.

Ukoliko je nepravi objekat aktivne rečenice lična zamenica u objekatskom obliku, u aktivnoj rečenici prelazi u subjektaski oblik.


Tim gave him the present. → He was given the present.